SCHOOL HEALTH PROMOTION –INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVES AND ROLE OF HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS
Abstract
Background: Schools have great potential in health promotion; however, this is often neglected areaand fewer efforts are done in exploring status of school health promotion in Pakistan. This paperattempts to outline brief historical background of school health promotion in Pakistan; presents criticalreview of some international school health promotion perspectives; and finally explore opportunitiesand role of healthcare professionals in Pakistan’s context. Methods: A critical review of peer-reviewedliterature divided into two broad themes of international perspectives on school health promotion, androle of healthcare professionals. Results are presented in cross-cutting themes and in narrative style.Results: School health promotion is very diverse phenomenon, situated in respective cultural contexts.Programmes present a range of characteristics from focusing on integrated approach to health educationto behavioural changes; and from involving youngsters to policy advocacy. Like the programmes, roleof healthcare professionals is also varied and dynamic and without clearly defining their role,development of effective health promotion programmes is difficult. Conclusion: School healthpromotion could be facilitated by appropriate trainings for healthcare professionals and evidence-basedpolicy changes.Keywords: School health promotion, healthcare professionals’ role, Pakistan, effective programmesReferences
WHO. World Health Statistics 2010. Retrieved from
http://www.who.int/whosis/whostat/EN_WHS10_Full.pdf
Nutbeam D. Health promotion glossary. Health Promotion
International 1998;4:349–64.
Farooq O. Pakistan economic survey 2010-11. Retrieved from
http://www.finance.gov.pk/survey/chapter_11/10-Education.pdf
WHO. Promoting Health through Schools: Report of a WHO
Expert Committee on Comprehensive School Health Education
and Promotion. WHO Technical Report Series. 1997.
Whitman CV, Aldinger C, Levinger B, Birdthistle I. World
education forum. Education for All 2000 Assessment: Thematic
Study School Health and Nutrition. 2000.
Racette SB, Cade WT, Beckmann LR. School-based physical
activity and fitness promotion. Physical Therapy
;90:1214–8.
MoE and UNESCO. School health programme: a strategic
approach for improving health and education in Pakistan.
Ministry of Education, Curriculum Wing, Government of
Pakistan and United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural
Organization 2010.
Ronis KA, Nishtar S. Community health promotion in Pakistan:
a policy development perspective. Promotion and Education
;14(2):98–9.
Whitehead D. Reconciling the differences between health
promotion in nursing and ‘general’ health promotion. Int J Nurs
Stud 2009;46:865–74.
PHSRP. School health programme 2009. Retrieved from
http://www.phsrp.punjab.gov.pk/shns.asp
Inman DD, Bakergem KM, LaRosa AC, Garr DR. Evidencebased health promotion programs for schools and communities.
Am J Prev Med 2011;40:207–19.
Michaud P. Prevention and health promotion in school and
community settings: a commentary on the international
perspective. J Adolesc Health 2003;33:219–25.
Hochbaum GM. Changing health behavior in youth. Am J Health
Educ 2010;41(3):130–3.Joronen K, Rankin SH, Astedt-Kurki P. School-based drama
interventions in health promotion for children and adolescents:
systematic review J Adv Nurs 2008;63(2):116–31.
Botvin GJ, Schinke S, Orlandi MA. School-based health
promotion: substance abuse and sexual behaviour. Appl Prev
Psychol 1995;4:167–84.
Tall H. Developing health services designed for young people. Br
J Sch Nurs 2011;6(4):193–8.
Shandley K, Austin D, Klein B, Kyrios M. An evaluation of
‘Reach Out Central’: an online gaming program for supporting
the mental health of young people. Health Educ Res
;25:563–74.
Pommier J, Jourdan D, Berger D, Vandoorne C, Pioecka B, De
Carvalho GS. School health promotion: organisation of services
and roles of healthcare professional in seven European countries.
Eur J Public Health 2009;20:182–8.
Gugglberger L, Dür W. Capacity building in and for health
promoting schools: results from a qualitative study. Health Policy
;101:37–43.
Akram M, Khan FJ. Healthcare services and government
spending in Pakistan. Islamabad: Pakistan Institute of
Development Economics. PIDE Working Paper 32. 2007.
Available at: http://www.pide.org.pk/pdf/Working Paper/
WorkingPaper-32.pdf
Johnson AM. Partnering for health education: pairing clinical
students with school nurses. J Specialists Pediatr Nurs
;13(1):53–5.
Published
Issue
Section
License
Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad is an OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL which means that all content is FREELY available without charge to all users whether registered with the journal or not. The work published by J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad is licensed and distributed under the creative commons License CC BY ND Attribution-NoDerivs. Material printed in this journal is OPEN to access, and are FREE for use in academic and research work with proper citation. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad accepts only original material for publication with the understanding that except for abstracts, no part of the data has been published or will be submitted for publication elsewhere before appearing in J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. The Editorial Board of J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad makes every effort to ensure the accuracy and authenticity of material printed in J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. However, conclusions and statements expressed are views of the authors and do not reflect the opinion/policy of J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad or the Editorial Board.
USERS are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This is in accordance with the BOAI definition of open access.
AUTHORS retain the rights of free downloading/unlimited e-print of full text and sharing/disseminating the article without any restriction, by any means including twitter, scholarly collaboration networks such as ResearchGate, Academia.eu, and social media sites such as Twitter, LinkedIn, Google Scholar and any other professional or academic networking site.
