COVERAGE AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH TETANUS TOXOID VACCINATION AMONG MARRIED WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY IN PESHAWAR
Abstract
Background: Pakistan has one of the highest maternal mortality rates in the world, with widelyprevalent maternal and neonatal tetanus. The purpose of this study was to estimate the coverage anddetermine the factors associated with tetanus toxoid vaccination status among females of reproductiveage in Peshawar. Methods: A Cross-sectional study was conducted in Peshawar, Pakistan, from 9 Juneto 19 June 2010. A total of 304 females of reproductive age (17‒45) years were selected from bothurban and rural areas of Peshawar through random sampling. A pre-tested structured questionnaire wasadministered to females. Questions about demographics, income, education of husband, occupation,accessibility to health centres and frequency of visits from health workers was inquired. Knowledgeand views on immunization were also asked. Results: Overall 55.6% were vaccinated. Urbanpopulation was 54.3% while rural population was 45.7%. Reasons for not vaccinating were: Noawareness (38.4%), being busy (18.1%), centre too far (18.1%), misconceptions (10.86%), and fear ofreactions (4.3%). Most of the females thought immunization was effective (89.5%). Husbandeducation, females’ knowledge and views on immunization, income, distance, frequency of healthvisits were the main factors associated with immunization status. Conclusion: Majority of females arenot vaccinated. Effective media campaigns on maternal tetanus vaccination should be carried. Ladyhealth workers should be mobilised effectively to increase the vaccination coverage.Keywords: Tetanus toxoid, immunization, EPI PakistanReferences
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