ORAL CLONIDINE FOR ATTENUATION OF HAEMODYNAMIC RESPONSE TO LARYNGOSCOPY AND ENDOTRACHEAL INTUBATION IN KNOWN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS
Abstract
Background: Sympathetic response associated with laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation isrecognised as a potential cause for a number of complications especially in hypertensive patients.
Various methods have been used to attenuate these haemodynamic responses; however most of the
studies are in normotensive patients. The aim of our study was to compare the effect of oral clonidine
and I/V fentanyl with oral placebo and I/V fentanyl in attenuating the haemodynamic responses to
laryngoscopy and intubation in known hypertensive patients. Method: In a double blind randomised
controlled trial, 60 hypertensive patients, taking antihypertensive drugs and with systolic blood pressure
below 160 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure below 100 mmHg scheduled for elective surgeries,
requiring oral endotracheal intubation and age ranging from 40-65 years were included in this study
and randomly divided into Group A (clonidine 0.2 mg + fentanyl 2 μg/Kg) and Group B (Placebo +
fentanyl 2 μg/Kg). Results: Demographic data were comparable in both groups. There were no
statistically significant differences between the two groups in the duration of laryngoscopy and
intubation. There was statistically significant attenuation in heart rate in both groups (p=0.020). The
trends of attenuation of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure in
Group A compared to Group B, were statistically significant (p=0.034, 0.011, 0.011 respectively).
Conclusion: Clonidine, under the present study design attenuates the haemodynamic response to
laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation in known hypertensive patients.
Keywords: Clonidine, haemodynamic response, laryngoscopy, endotracheal intubation, hypertension
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