LIFE STYLE RELATED RISK FACTORS FOR CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE AMONG PATIENTS AT A TEACHING HOSPITAL IN KARACHI

Authors

  • Waris Qidwai
  • Ali Raza Mangi
  • Rasool Bux

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause for morbidity and mortality all over the world. It is important to study life style related, modifiable cardiovascular risk factors among patients, in order to devise preventive strategies. Methods: We surveyed family practice patients visiting the out-patient clinics of Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi. The interview was questionnaire-based and recorded the demographic profile of the patients, in addition to information on life style related cardiovascular risk factors. The ethical requirements for the study were met. SPSS computer software was used for data management. Results: Fifty patients were surveyed and included 28 (56%) men and 22 (44%) women. Thirty seven (74%) respondents were married, nineteen (38%) had graduate education, Twenty five (50%) were in private service, and twelve (24%) were housewives. Twenty six (52%) respondents were overweight or obese. Butter, cream, margarine and red meat was consumed by 17(34%) and 32(64%) respondents respectively. White meat, fresh fruits and vegetables were consumed by 30 (60%), 29(58%) and 38(76%) respondents respectively. Oil from vegetable sources was used by 49(98%) respondents. Addition of table salt was found occasionally and always in 18(36%) and 09(18%) respondents respectively. Twenty seven (54%) respondents exercised at least twenty minutes, three times a week, while eleven (22%) were current smokers. Conclusions:  Life style related modifiable risk factors are prevalent in patients reporting to our hospital. This offers an opportunity for preventive strategies, to prevent cardiovascular disease. Such surveys, followed by interventional strategies, are recommended to be followed by all Primary care facilities.       

Key-words: Cardiovascular disease-Risk factors-Life Style-Obesity

References

Mokdad AH, Marks JS, Stroup DF, Gerberding JL. Actual causes of death in the United States, 2000. JAMA 2004;291(10):1238-45

Unal B, Critchley JA, Capewell S. Explaining the decline in coronary heart disease mortality in England and Wales between 1981 and 2000. Circulation 2004;109(9):1101-7

Critchley JA, Capewell S, Unal B. Life-years gained from coronary heart disease mortality reduction in Scotland: prevention or treatment? J Clin Epidemiol 2003;56(6):583-90

Aldana SG, Greenlaw R, Thomas D, Salberg A, DeMordaunt T, Fellingham GW, et al. The influence of an intense cardiovascular disease risk factor modification program. Prev Cardiol 2004;7(1):19-25

Bhurgri A, Bhurgri Y, Khan Y, Sharih U, Naqvi F, Soomro IB. Mortality statistics in South Karachi. J Pak Med Assoc 2001;51(12):446-9

Hakeem R, Thomas J, Badruddin SH. Urbanisation and coronary heart disease risk factors in South Asian children. J Pak Med Assoc 2001;51(1):22-8.

Aziz KU, Dennis B, Davis CE, Sun K, Burke G, Manolio T, et al. Efficacy of CVD risk factor modification in a lower-middle class community in Pakistan: the Metroville Health Study. Asia Pac J Public Health 2003;15(1):30-6

Nanan DJ. The obesity pandemic--implications for Pakistan. J Pak Med Assoc 2002;52(8):342-6

Ness AR, Powles JW. Fruit and vegetables, and cardiovascular disease: a review. Int J Epidemiol 1997;26(1):1-13

Rastogi T, Reddy KS, Vaz M, Spiegelman D, Prabhakaran D, Willett WC, et al. Diet and risk of ischemic heart disease in India. Am J Clin Nutr 2004;79(4):582-92.

Srinath Reddy K, Katan MB. Diet, nutrition and the prevention of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. Public Health Nutr 2004;7(1A):167-86.

Qidwai W, Saleheen D, Saleem S, Andrades M, Azam SI. Physical exercise as a key health determinant among patients. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2003; 3(7):421-2

Maher R, Devji S. Prevalence of smoking among Karachi population. Pak Med Assoc 2002;52(6):250-3.

Downloads

How to Cite

Qidwai, W., Mangi, A. R., & Bux, R. (2005). LIFE STYLE RELATED RISK FACTORS FOR CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE AMONG PATIENTS AT A TEACHING HOSPITAL IN KARACHI. Journal of Ayub Medical College Abbottabad, 17(2). Retrieved from https://jamc.ayubmed.edu.pk/index.php/jamc/article/view/4156

Issue

Vol. 17 No. 2 (2005): JOURNAL OF AYUB MEDICAL COLLEGE, ABBOTTABAD

Section

ORIGINAL ARTICLE

License

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad is an OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL which means that all content is FREELY available without charge to all users whether registered with the journal or not. The work published by J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad is licensed and distributed under the creative commons License  CC BY ND Attribution-NoDerivs. Material printed in this journal is OPEN to access, and are FREE for use in academic and research work with proper citation. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad accepts only original material for publication with the understanding that except for abstracts, no part of the data has been published or will be submitted for publication elsewhere before appearing in J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. The Editorial Board of J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad makes every effort to ensure the accuracy and authenticity of material printed in J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. However, conclusions and statements expressed are views of the authors and do not reflect the opinion/policy of J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad or the Editorial Board.

USERS are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This is in accordance with the BOAI definition of open access.

AUTHORS retain the rights of free downloading/unlimited e-print of full text and sharing/disseminating the article without any restriction, by any means including twitter, scholarly collaboration networks such as ResearchGate, Academia.eu, and social media sites such as Twitter, LinkedIn, Google Scholar and any other professional or academic networking site.