IMMUNE RESPONSE AND ANAMNESTIC IMMUNE RESPONSE IN CHILDREN AFTER A 3-DOSE PRIMARY HEPATITIS B VACCINATION

Authors

  • Muhammad Faheem Afzal King Edward Medical University, Lahore
  • Muhammad Ashraf Sultan King Edward Medical University, Lahore
  • Ahmad Imran Saleemi King Edward Medical University, Lahore

Abstract

Background: Diseases caused by Hepatitis B virus (HBV) have a worldwide distribution. Pakistan adopted the recommendations of World Health Organization (WHO) for routine universal infant vaccination against hepatitis B in 2002, currently being administered at 6, 10, and 14 weeks of age in a combination vaccine. This study was conducted to determine the immune response & anamnestic immune response in children, 9 months-10 years of age, after a 3-dose primary Hepatitis B vaccination. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Paediatrics, King Edward Medical University/Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan, from January to June, 2014. A total of 200 children of either sex between the ages of 9 months to 10 years, docu­mented to have received 3 doses of hepatitis B vaccines according to Expanded Program of Immunization (6,10,14 weeks) schedule in infancy, were recruited by consecutive sampling. The level of serum anti-HBsAb by ELIZA was measured. Children with anti-HBs titers ‰¥10 mIU/mL were considered to be immune. Those with anti-HBsAb levels <10 mIU/mL were offered a booster dose of infant recombinant hepatitis B vaccine. The second serum sample was obtained 21-28 days following the administration of the booster dose and the anamnestic immune response was measured. Data was analysed using SPSS 17 to determine the relation between time interval since last vaccination and antibody titer. Chi square test was applied. Results: Of the 200 children, protective antibody response was found in 58%. Median serological response was 18.60 (range 2.82-65.15). Antibody levels were found to have a statistically significant (p-value 0.019) negative correlation with the time since last administration of vaccine. A booster dose of Hepatitis B vaccine was administered to all non-responders, with each registering a statistically significant (p-value 0.00) anamnestic response. Conclusion: The vaccination schedule with short dosage interval was unable to provide protection to 42% of the study population. Introduction of birth dose of Hepatitis B vaccine to the existing schedule is recommended.

Keywords: Primary Hepatitis B vaccination; Children; Immune response; Anamnestic immune response

Author Biographies

Muhammad Faheem Afzal, King Edward Medical University, Lahore

Assistant Professor, Department of Paediatrics, King Edward Medical University, Lahore

Muhammad Ashraf Sultan, King Edward Medical University, Lahore

Chairman/Professor, Department of Paediatrics, King Edward Medical University, Lahore

Ahmad Imran Saleemi, King Edward Medical University, Lahore

Post Graduate resident, Department of Paediatrics

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Published

2016-11-27

How to Cite

Afzal, M. F., Sultan, M. A., & Saleemi, A. I. (2016). IMMUNE RESPONSE AND ANAMNESTIC IMMUNE RESPONSE IN CHILDREN AFTER A 3-DOSE PRIMARY HEPATITIS B VACCINATION. Journal of Ayub Medical College Abbottabad, 28(4), 715–717. Retrieved from https://jamc.ayubmed.edu.pk/index.php/jamc/article/view/801

Issue

Vol. 28 No. 4 (2016): JOURNAL OF AYUB MEDICAL COLLEGE, ABBOTTABAD

Section

ORIGINAL ARTICLE

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