EFFECT OF ACACIA NILOTICA LEAVES EXTRACT ON HYPERGLYCAEMIA, LIPID PROFILE AND PLATELET AGGREGATION IN STREPTOZOTOCIN INDUCED DIABETIC RATS
Abstract
Background: To consider new hypoglycaemic, anti-hyperlipidaemic and anti-platelet aggregationsources, aqueous methanol extract of Acacia Nilotica (AN) leaves was investigated in streptozotocininduced diabetic rats. Methods: Diabetes mellitus was induced in 90 out of 120 male albino rats byadministering 50 mg/Kg bodyweight (bw) streptozotocin intraperitonealy, and was confirmed bymeasuring fasting blood glucose level >200 mg/dL on 4th post-induction day. The rats were equallydivided into 4 groups, A (normal control), B (diabetic control), C (diabetics rats treated with plantextract) and group D (diabetics rats treated with glyburide). The rats of group C and D were givensingle dose of 300 mg/Kg bw, AN extract, and 900 µg/Kg bw glyburide respectively for 3 weeks.Blood glucose levels were measured by glucometer, platelet aggregation by DiaMed method, β-thromboglobulin and insulin by ELISA technique, and lipid components were measured by enzymaticcalorimetric method. Results: Significant differences (p<0.05) were noticed in blood glucose, seruminsulin, platelet aggregation and triglyceride levels in diabetic rats treated with AN extract andglyburide as compared to diabetic controlled rats. A significant difference (p<0.05) in β-thromboglobulin and LDL levels was also noticed in rats treated with glyburide than the diabeticcontrolled rats. The levels of fasting blood glucose, β-thromboglobulin and platelet aggregation weresignificantly reduced (p<0.05) in diabetic rats treated with glyburide than AN extract treated rats.Conclusions: Administration of AN leaves extract showed hypoglycaemic and anti-plateletaggregation activity in diabetic rats as that of glyburide.Keywords: Acacia Nilotica, Hypoglycemia, StreptozotocinReferences
Alvin CP. Diabetes Mellitus. In: Fauci AS, Braunwald E, Kasper
DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo J. Harrison’s
Principles of Internal Medicine. 17th ed. New York: McGraw Hill
; p. 2275–304.
Wild S, Roglic G, Green A, Sicree R, King H. Global prevalence
of diabetes, estimates for the year 2000 and projections for 2030.
Diabetes Care 2004;27:1047–53.
Hink U, Li H, Mollnau H, Oelze M, Matheis E, Hartmann M, et
al. Mechanisms underlying endothelial dysfunction in diabetes
mellitus. Circ Res 2001;88:14–22.
Cosentino F, Eto M, Paolis PD, Loo B, Bachschmid M, Ullrich
V, et al. High glucose causes upregulation of cyclooxygenase 2
and alters prostanoid profile in human endothelial cells, Role of
protein kinase C and reactive oxygen species. Circulation
;107:1017–23.
Halliwell B, Gutteridge JMC. Lipid peroxidation oxygen radicals,
cell damage, and antioxidant therapy. Lancet 1994;1:1396–7.
WHO Expert Committee on Diabetes Mellitus Second Report
Series 646, Geneva; 1981;p. 61.
J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2011;23(2)
http://www.ayubmed.edu.pk/JAMC/23-2/Munazza.pdf 7
Roman-Ramos R, Flores-Saenz JL, Alarcon-Aguilar FJ. Antihyperglycemic effect of some edible plants. J Ethnopharmacol
;48:25–32.
Sundaram R, Mitra SK. Antioxidant activity of ethyl acetate
soluble fraction of Acacia Arabica barks in rats. Indian J
Pharmacol 2007;39:33–8.
Jones J, Sharma A, Hasen KW, Iikova H, Patane G, Laybutt R, et
al. Chronic hyperglycemia triggers loss of pancreatic beta cell
differentiation in an animal model of diabetes. J Biol Chem
;274:14112–21.
Paul W, Queen LR, Page CP, Ferro A. Increased platelet
aggregation in vivo in the Zucker diabetic fatty rat: differences
from the streptozotocin diabetic rat. Br J Pharmacol
;150:105–11.
Ganda OP, Rossi AA, Like AA. Studies on streptozotocin
diabetes. Diabetes 1976;25:595–603.
Natarajan A, Zaman AG, Marshall SM. Platelet hyperactivity in
type 2 diabetes: role of anti-platelet agents. Diabetes Vasc Dis
Res 2008;5:138–44.
Takasu N, Komiya I, Asawa T, Nagasawa Y, Yamada T.
Streptozotocin and alloxan induced H2O2 generation and DNA
fragmentation in pancreatic islets. Diabetes 1991;40:1141–5.
Nukatsuka M, Yoshimura Y, Nishida M, Kawada J. Importance
of the concentration of ATP in rat pancreatic beta cells in the
mechanism of streptozotocin-induced cytotoxicity. J Endocrinol
;127:161–5.
Maqsood A, Fatima Z, Tanveer S, Zabta M. Anti-diabetic and
hypolipidemic effects of aqueous methanolic extract of acacia
nilotica pods in alloxen induced diabetic rats. Scand J Lab Anim
;35:29–34.
Nukatsuka M, Yoshimura Y, Nishida M, Kawada J. Importance
of the concentration of ATP in rat pancreatic beta cells in the
mechanism of streptozotocin-induced cytotoxicity. J Endocrinol
;127:161–5.
Scheen AJ, Lefebvre PJ. Oral anti-diabetic agents: A guide to
selection. Drugs 1998;55:225–36.
Kumar R. Chemical and biochemical nature of fodder tree
tannins. J Agriculture Food Chem 1983;31:1346–66.
Hirosh T, Mitsuy I, Mi T, Jin Ew, Tosiyasu S, Ikuko K. Effect of
green tea on blood glucose levels and serum proteomics patterns
in diabetic mice and on glucose metabolism in healthy humans.
BMC Pharma 2004;4:18–30.
Liu X, Kim JK, Li Y, Li J, Liu F, Chen X. Tannic acid stimulates
glucose transport and inhibits adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1
cells. Am J Clin Nutr 2005;135:165–71.
Tiwari AK, Madhusudana RJ. Diabetes mellitus and multiple
therapeutic approaches of Phyto-chemicals: present status and
future prospects. Curr Sci 2002;83:30–8.
Wadood A, Wadood N, Shah SA. Effects of Acacia Arabica and
Caralluma edulis on blood glucose levels of normal and alloxan
diabetic rabbits. J Pak Med Assoc 1989;39:208–12.
Pande MB, Talpada PM, Patel ZN, Purohit LP, Shukla PC. Note
on processed babul feeding to mature Kankrej bullocks. Indian J
Animal Sci 1980;52:798–9.
Gilani AH, Molla N, Atta-ur-Rehman, Shah BH. Role of natural
products in modern medicine. J Pharm Med 1992;2:111–8.
Rasheed H, Tirmizi AH, Salahuddin F, Rizvi NB, Arshad M,
Farooq SZ, et al. Calcium signaling in human platelet
aggregation mediated by platelet activating factor and calcium
ionophre, A23187. J Biol Sci 2004;4:117–21.
Shah BH, Milligan G. The gonadotrophic releasing hormone
receptor of αT3-1 cells regulates cellular levels of both of the
phosphoionositidase C-linked G proteins, Gqα and G11α,
equally. Mol Pharmac 1994;46:1–7.
Bretschneider E, Glusa E, Schror K. ADP, PAF, and adrenalineinduced platelet aggregation and thromboxane formation are not
affected by a thromboxane receptor antagonist at physiological
external Ca+2 concentrations. Thromb Res 1994;5:233–42.
Fritschi J, Christe M, Lammle B, Marbet GA, Berger W, Duckert
F. Platelet aggregation, beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor
in diabetes mellitus and in patients with vasculopathy. Thromb
Haemost 1984;52:236–9.
Yamada K, Mori K, Goto Y. Platelet aggregation and plasma
levels of beta-thromboglobulin in diabetes mellitus. Tohoku J
Exp Med 1981;135:423–9.
Taomoto K, Asada M, Kanazawa Y, Matsumoto S. Usefulness of
the measurement of plasma beta-thromboglobulin (beta-TG) in
cerebrovascular disease. Stroke 1983;14:518–24.
Socher M, Baquer NZ, Mclean P. Glucose under utilization in
diabetes: comparative studies on the changes in the activities of
enzymes of glucose metabolism in the rat kidney and liver. Mol
Physiol 1985;7:51–68.
Arkkila PE, Koskinen PJ, Kantola IM, Ronnemma T, Seppanen
E, Vikari JS. Diabetic complications are associated with liver
enzyme activities in people with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2001;52:113–8.
Lee KT, Shon IC, Kim DH, Choi JW, Kwon SH, Park HJ.
Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effect of tectorigenin and
kaikasaponin III in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats and their
antioxidant activity in-vitro. Arch Pharm Res 2000;23:461–6.
Maciejewski R, Rusinski P, Burski K, Figura T. Changes in
glucose, cholesterol and serum lipid function levels in
experimental diabetes. Ann Univ Mariae Curie Sklodowska
;56:363–8.
Bopanna KN, Kannan J, Sushma G, Balaraman R, Rathod SP.
Antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effect of neem seed, kernel
powder on alloxen diabetic rabbits. Ind J Pharmacol
;29:162–7.
Rajkumar L, Govidarajulu P. Increased degradation of dermal
collagen in diabetic rats. Ind J Exp Biol 1991;29:1081–3.
Kim JS, Jung BJ, Choi CW, Kim SC. Hypoglycemic and
antihyperlipidemic effect of four Korean Medicinal plants in
alloxen induced diabetic rats. Am J Biochem Biotechnol
;2:154–60.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad is an OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL which means that all content is FREELY available without charge to all users whether registered with the journal or not. The work published by J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad is licensed and distributed under the creative commons License CC BY ND Attribution-NoDerivs. Material printed in this journal is OPEN to access, and are FREE for use in academic and research work with proper citation. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad accepts only original material for publication with the understanding that except for abstracts, no part of the data has been published or will be submitted for publication elsewhere before appearing in J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. The Editorial Board of J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad makes every effort to ensure the accuracy and authenticity of material printed in J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. However, conclusions and statements expressed are views of the authors and do not reflect the opinion/policy of J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad or the Editorial Board.
USERS are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This is in accordance with the BOAI definition of open access.
AUTHORS retain the rights of free downloading/unlimited e-print of full text and sharing/disseminating the article without any restriction, by any means including twitter, scholarly collaboration networks such as ResearchGate, Academia.eu, and social media sites such as Twitter, LinkedIn, Google Scholar and any other professional or academic networking site.
