CHANGING TREND OF PRESENTATION OF ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME IN PESHAWAR OVER THE LAST SIXTEEN YEARS
Abstract
Background: Once considered as disease of the affluent and developed countries, coronary arterydisease is emerging as epidemic in the developing world in general and South Asia in particular.Objective: To observe the trend of presentation of acute coronary syndrome in the local populationover the last 16 years. Material and Methods: Clinical audit from 1995 to 2010 was carried out inwhich the data was retrieved from the computerised database of the Department of Cardiology, LadyReading Hospital Peshawar. The period was divided into four quartiles, and the data of each quartilewas analyzed for the total number of admissions, the type of ACS, whether ST-elevated MI or non-STelevated ACS (comprising unstable angina and non-STEMI), age, gender and mortality. Results: Thetotal admissions into the unit in the first quartile (1995–1998) were 23,827, in the second quartile(1999–2002) 29,005, in the third quartile (2003–2006) 33,206 and in the fourth quartile (2007–2010)were 40,110. Total ACS brunt constituted 8340 (35%), 10,384 (35.8%), 12,180 (36.68%) and 14,920(37.2%) patients respectively. The mean age of patients was 49.70±6.4 years, 48.21±7.2 years,47.38±7.1 years and 46.81±6.2 years respectively. Women were 2356 (28.25% of the total ACSburden) in the first quartile, increasing to 3554 (34.225%), 4817 (39.55%) and 6281 (42.1%) in thefollowing quartiles. STEMI constituted 45.88% (3826) of the total ACS presentations in the firstquartile, 47.24% (4905) in the second, 49.55% (6035) in the third and 49.87% (7440) in the lastquartile. The mortality rate, however, remained constant throughout (8.4% to 8.8%). Conclusion: Anincreasing trend is seen in the burden of CAD in the local population with increasing presentation asSTEMI. It is also evident that CAD is occurring at younger ages and more so in the female population.Keywords: Coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, unstable anginaReferences
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