TERATOGENIC EFFECTS OF LEAD ACETATE ON KIDNEY
Abstract
Background: Lead remains a considerable occupational and public health problem, which is known tocause a number of adverse effects in both men and women. Conflicting reports have appeared on lead
induced nephrotoxicity in experimental studies in the past. There is hardly any work on its teratogenic
effects on kidney. Present study was therefore designed to investigate the effects of lead acetate on
developing kidney. Methods: Twelve mice were used as experimental model and were divided into
two groups of six animals each; group A served as control group and B was used as an experimental
group. Lead acetate (10 mg/kg) dissolved in 0.02 ml of distilled water was administered as a single
daily dose orally to group B whereas weight related amount of distilled water was given to group A for
the entire period of experiment. On 18th day of gestation foetuses were dissected free of uterine wall
under the dissecting microscope and were sacrificed; kidneys were removed and fixed in 10%
formalin, dehydrated in ascending grades of alcohol, cleared in xylene and infiltrated with filtered
paraffin. The paraffin blocks were made and five micron thin sections were obtained using a rotary
microtome. The sections were stained with Hematoxylin and eosin and, PAS; these were examined
under light microscope. Results: Significant decrease in cortical thickness was observed which varied
from 578.6±1.4 µm in group A to 515.6±5 µm in group B (p<0.001). Diameter of renal corpuscles
varied from 57.7±0.07 µm in group A to 50.5±0.07 µm in group B (p<0.001). Moderate cortical tubular
atrophy showing thickening of endothelial basement membrane in glomeruli, desquamated epithelium
with degenerated nuclei in proximal and distal tubules were observed in group B in contrast to group A.
Conclusion: The results of the investigation indicated that lead acetate administration to the dams
produced deleterious effects on the developing kidney in mice.
Keywords: Lead acetate, nephrotoxicity
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