COMPARISON OF FREQUENCY OF HEPATITIS B AND HEPATITIS C IN PREGNANT WOMEN IN URBAN AND RURAL AREA OF DISTRICT SWAT
Abstract
Objectives: This retrospective analytical study was carried out to observe the frequency of Hepatitis Band Hepatitis C among the pregnant women of Swat. Methods: The study was carried out fromJanuary 2008 to December 2008. It was a retrospective study based on review of records of pregnantwomen admitted to Labour Room of Obstetrics/Gynaecology Unit, Saidu Teaching Hospital, Swat.Patients were screened for Hepatitis B and C by Immuno Chromatographic Technique (ICT) device.The findings were recorded on proforma and analysed. Those found positive on screening test wereconfirmed by ELISA. Results: Total number of patients screened was 5607. The frequency of HepatitisB and C (Combined) was 223 (3.98%), out of which 77 (1.37%) were HBsAg positive, 141 (2.52%)were anti HCV positive and 5 (0.09%) were both HBsAg and anti HCV positive. The frequency ofHepatitis B amongst age groups 14–19 , 20–29, 30–39 and 40–49 years were 2/77, 33/77, 40/77, and2/77) respectively. The frequency of Hepatitis C amongst age groups 14–19, 20–29,30–39 and 40–49years was 4/141, 59/141, 67/141 and 11/141 respectively. The frequency of Hepatitis B and C inmultigravida was 41/77, 67/141, in grand multigravida it was 20/77, 43/141 and in primigravida it was16/77, 31/141 respectively. The frequency of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C amongst urban and ruralpopulation was 32 (39.02%) and 50 (60.98%); and 40 (27.40%) and 106 (72.60%) respectively. Thefrequency of Hepatitis B and C (Combined) in urban, rural population were 72 (31.58 %) and 156(68.15 %) respectively. Conclusion: HBsAg and HCV was common infections in pregnant women ofSwat. Therefore, every pregnant woman undergoing delivery and/or any other surgical procedure mustbe screened for Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C.Keywords: Screening, Hepatitis, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, HBsAg, HCV, Pregnancy, SwatReferences
Ahmad I, Khan SB, Rahman HU, Khan MH, Anwar S.
Frequency of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C among cataract
patients. Gomal J Med Sci 2006;4:61–4.
Chaudhary IA, Khan SA, Sami Ullah. Should we do Hepatitis
B and C screening on each patient before surgery analysis of
-cases. Pak J Med Sci 2005;21:278–80.
Khokar N, Gill ML, Malik GJ. General seroprevalence of
Hepatitis B and C virus infection in population. J Coll Phys
Surg Pak 2004;14(9):534–6.
Muhammd J, Hussain M, Khan MA. Frequency of Hepatits-B
and Hepatitis C infection in thalassaemic children. Pak Paed J
;27(4):161–4.
Ahmad K. Hepatitis B in: Viral Hepatitis: An overview:
proceedings of seminar, AFIP Rawalpindi, Pakistan 1998;16–19.
Schiff E. Hepatitis Central, Current information on Hepatitis C
and treatment for medical profession, Uni Miami 2002;1–2.
Hepatitis C, Fact Sheet No 204 Geneva, World Health
Organization. 2000.
Yusaf A, Muhammad A, Ishaq M. Can we afford to operate on
patient with HBsAg screening. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak
;9:98–100.
Malik IA, Legters LJ, Luqman M. The serological markers of
Hepatitis-A and B in health population in northern Pakistan. J
Pak Med Assoc 1988;38:67–72.
Umar M, Bushra HT, Shuaib A. Spectrum of chronic liver
disease due to HCV infection. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak
;6:234–7.
Wasim J, Nadim J, Javed Y. Hepatitis B and C prevalence and
risk factors associated with seropositivity among children in
Karachi, Pakistan. BMC Infect Diseas 2006;6:101–3.
Parker SP, Khan HI, Cubitt WD. Detection of antibodies to
Hepatitis C virus in dried blood spot samples from mothers and
their offspring in Lahore, Pakistan. J Clin Microbiol
;37:2061–3.
Thorburn D, Roy K, Cameron SO. Risk of hepatits-C virus
transmission from patients to surgeons. Gut 2003;52:1333–8.
Ahmad J, Taj AS, Rahim A, Shah A, Rehman M. Frequency
of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C in healthy blood donor of
NWFP. J Postgrad Med Inst 2004;18:343–52.
Batool A, Bano KA, Khan MUL, Hussain R. Antenatal
screening of women for Hepatitis B and C in an out patient
department. J Dow Univers Health Sci 2008;2:32–35.
Bukhari SM, Khatoon N, Iqbal A. Prevalence of Hepatitis B
antigenaemia in Mayo Hospital Lahore. Biomedica
;15:88–91.
Sultana N, Bari A, Qazalbash AA. Prevalence of Anti-HCV
antibodies in patients with liver disease and normal population.
Pak J Med Res 1999;49:15–7.
Tariq W, Hussain AB, Karamat KA, Ghani E, Hussain T,
Hussain S. Demographic aspects of Hepatitis C in northern
Pakistan. J Pak Med Assoc 1999;49:189–201.
Nelson PC. Liver disease: In ; handbook of Obstetric medicine.
nd Ed. London: Martin Dunitz; 2002. p.199–202.
Ohto H, Terazama S, Sasaki N. Transmission of Hepatitis C
virus from mother to infant. N Eng Mrd 1994;330:744–50.
Ni YH, Lin HL, Chen PJ, Hsu HY, Chen DS, Chang MH.
Temporal profile of Hepatitis C virus antibody and genome in
infants born to mother infected with hepatitis C virus but
without human immunodeficiency virus co- infection. J
Hepatol 1994;20:651–5.
Manzini P, Saracoo G, Cherchier A. Human
Immunodeficiency virus infection as risk factor for mother to
child virus transmission. Pew resistance of anti hepatitis virus
in children is associated with the mother anti Hepatitis C virus
immunobloting pattern. Hepatol 1995;21:328–32.
J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2009;21(2)
http://www.ayubmed.edu.pk/JAMC/PAST/21-2/Sania.pdf 15
Ward C, Tudor WG, Lotzias T, Hargreaves S, Regan L, Foster
GR. Prevalence of Hepatitis C among pregnancy women
attending an inner London obstetric department. Uptake and
acceptability of named antenatal testing. Gut 2000;47:277–80.
Ilyas M, Hussain T, Tariq WUZ, Bhatti FA, Ahmad F.
Epidemiology of Hepatitis C virus infection in blood donor in
northern Pakistan. J Med Res C 2001;5:56–9.
Sypsa VE , Hadjipaschali E, Hatzakis A. Prevalence , risk
factors and evaluation of a screening strategy for Hepatitis C
& B virus infections in healthy company employees. Euro J
Epidemiol 2001;17:721–3.
Taguchi S, Nishioka K, Kawaguchi R, Nakao M, Watanabe I,
Migita T. Epidemiological study of Hepatitis B and C in
,336 patients operated at Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital
during the period from 1993 to 2000. Masui 2004;53:696–700.
Erden S, Buyukozturk S, Calangu S, Yilmaz G Palanduz S,
Badur S. Study of serological markers of Hepatitis B and C
virus in Istanbul, Turkey. Med Princ Pract 2003;12(3):184–8.
Masood Z, Javaid M, Khan RA, Rehman SU. Screening for
Hepatitis B and C a routine preoperative investigation. Pak J
Med Sci 2005; 21:455–9.
Ali SA, Shah FA, Ahmed K. Prevalence of Hepatitis B and C
virus in surgical patients. Pak J Surg 2007;23:109–12.
Awan SN, Nayyar S, Ashraf N. Obstetrics and perinatal out
come; Risk factors for Hepatitis B and C transmission.
Professional Med J 2006;13:511–6.
Ali HS, Memon MA. Prevalence of Hepatitis B infection in
pregnant women in a tertiary care hospital. Infect Dis J Pak
;2:35–8.
Asif SA, Iqbal R, Hussain H, Khan MH.Awareness of viral
hepatitis in ten villages of districts Nowshera. Gomal J Med Sci
;7:10–3.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad is an OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL which means that all content is FREELY available without charge to all users whether registered with the journal or not. The work published by J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad is licensed and distributed under the creative commons License CC BY ND Attribution-NoDerivs. Material printed in this journal is OPEN to access, and are FREE for use in academic and research work with proper citation. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad accepts only original material for publication with the understanding that except for abstracts, no part of the data has been published or will be submitted for publication elsewhere before appearing in J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. The Editorial Board of J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad makes every effort to ensure the accuracy and authenticity of material printed in J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. However, conclusions and statements expressed are views of the authors and do not reflect the opinion/policy of J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad or the Editorial Board.
USERS are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This is in accordance with the BOAI definition of open access.
AUTHORS retain the rights of free downloading/unlimited e-print of full text and sharing/disseminating the article without any restriction, by any means including twitter, scholarly collaboration networks such as ResearchGate, Academia.eu, and social media sites such as Twitter, LinkedIn, Google Scholar and any other professional or academic networking site.
