SPATIAL CLUSTER ANALYSIS OF NEW AND RELAPSED CASES OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS BY DISTRICT: PAKISTAN 2015

Authors

  • Masood Ali Shaikh Independent Consultant
  • Naeem Abbas Malik Lecturer Institute of Geo-Information and Earth Observation PMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Pakistan

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem in Pakistan. There are no studies in Pakistan on TB disease mapping and spatial analysis at the country level. This study was conducted to map and identify clusters of TB incidence rates at the district level for all provinces of Pakistan, including Islamabad for all new and relapsed cases of pulmonary TB, for the year 2015. The district level TB rate for new and relapsed cases ranged from 4.7 to 422.6 per 100,000. Global Moran’s I was 0.25238, with a pseudo p-value of 0.001, indicating clustering in the data. Local Moran’s I, i.e., Local indicators of Spatial Association identified 11 districts as high-high clusters, and 20 districts as low-low clusters. Better understanding of these hot and cold spot districts would be helped by the availability and analysis of TB data at the more granular level of Union Councils in the country.  Keywords: Tuberculosis; Epidemiology; GIS; Pakistan

Author Biographies

Masood Ali Shaikh, Independent Consultant

Masood Ali Shaikh, MBBS, MCPS, MPH, MGIS, MSIndependent ConsultantKarachi, Pakistan

Naeem Abbas Malik, Lecturer Institute of Geo-Information and Earth Observation PMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Pakistan

Naeem Abbas Malik, MSLecturer Institute of Geo-Information and Earth ObservationPMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Pakistan

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Published

2019-02-10

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