OBSTETRICAL ASSOCIATED RENAL, CORTICAL NECROSIS: THOUGH UNCOMMON BUT NOT RARE!

Authors

  • Akhtar Ali
  • Mahrukh Ayesha Ali
  • Mohammad Usman Ali

Abstract

Background: Renal cortical necrosis (RCN) carries high morbidity and mortality in South East Asia.The purpose of this study was to look specifically at the incidence of obstetrical related RCN in renalbiopsies and to evaluate its precipitating factors. In addition, prognosis, impact of aetiology andoutcomes on discharge were also considered. Methods: The study was conducted in the Department ofNephrology, Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar, Pakistan. Renal biopsies of 1,670 patients wereanalysed during the study period of 1998 to 2008. All the patients with obstetrical related RCN wereincluded. Patient records, demographic data, urine output on admission and preceding history of antepartum haemorrhage (APH), post-partum haemorrhage (PPH), septicaemia, operative interventions andretained product of conception (ROPC) was noted and need for dialysis was considered. Results: Outof 1670 kidney biopsies analysed, 48 turned out to be RCN. Among them 39 patients (81.3%) haddiffuse cortical necrosis, 6 patients (12.5%) had patchy cortical necrosis with ATN while 3 patients(6.3%) had predominant ATN with partial patchy cortical necrosis. Out of 48 patients, 25 (52.1%) wereoliguric, 18 (37.5%) were anuric while 5 (10.4%) had urine output >800 ml 24 hr. Operativeinterventions were found in 29 patients while 19 patients had normal vaginal delivery (NVD). 16(55.2%) patients with operative intervention had PPH. Thus the association proved to be significant (p=0.037). Conclusion: Overall incidence of RCN was 2.9%. Oliguria/anuria on admission and dialysisdependency are associated with RCN. PPH and history of operative intervention have significantassociation and are contributing factors to development of RCN.Keywords: Renal cortical necrosis (RCN), post-partum haemorrhage (PPH), ante-partum haemorrhage(APH), acute renal failure (ARF), dialysis

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Published

2010-09-01

Issue

Vol. 22 No. 3 (2010): JOURNAL OF AYUB MEDICAL COLLEGE, ABBOTTABAD

Section

ORIGINAL ARTICLE

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