CALCULUS ANURIA AND ITS REMEDY
Abstract
Background: Urinary lithiases have been a major urological problem. The objective was to determinethe out come of treatment for patients with calculus anuria. Methods: A descriptive study wasconducted at Department of Urology Chandka Medical College Hospital, Larkana from March 2007 toApril 2009. All patients with a diagnosis of calculus anuria of all ages and either sex were included inthe study. Detailed history, physical examination and examination of genitourinary tract wasperformed. Investigations included complete blood examination, blood urea, serum creatinine,ultrasonography of KUB area, and X-Ray KUB. Results: Among the 66 patients the cause of anuriawas bilateral obstruction by the calculi in 46 cases, unilateral obstruction with small/absent/nephrectomised contralateral kidney in 20 cases. In most of the cases, ureteric catheterisation was doneto relieve the obstruction. Five deaths were observed, despite emergency urinary diversion andappropriate treatment. Conclusion: Calculus anuria is a urological emergency. Prompt and earlyintervention can save the life of patient and prevent to develop chronic renal failure.Keywords: Anuria, calculus, and managementReferences
Khan FA. History of calculus disease of urinary tract. J Pak
Med Assoc 1973;23:19–24.
Malek RS. Renal Lithiasis: A Practical Approach. J Urol
;118:893–901.
Khan FA. Basic data on urinary stones in Pakistan. Bulletin
;12:79–83.
Javed SH, Khan JH, Iqbal Z, Iqbal S, Khan FA. Aetiology of
upper tract urolithiasis in Rahim Yar Khan. Pak Postgrad
Med J 1993 4(2);81–98.
Runell RCG, Williams NS, Bulstored CJK (eds). Baily and
Love’s Short Practice of Surgery 21st ed. London: Arnold;
p.1314–20.
Stenberg A, Bohmenso. Back leak of pelvic urine to the
blood stream. Acta Physiol Scand 1988;134:223–34.
Gillen Water. The physiology of urinary obstruction. In
Walsch PC, Ratic AB, Stamey TA et al. Campbell’s Urology
th ed Philadelphia: WB Saunders;1992.p.499–525.
Tataranni G, Farinelli R, Zavagli G. Tubule recovery after
obstructive uropathy relief: The value of enzymuria and
microproteinuria. J Urol 1987;138:24–7.
Frederick AG. The pathophysiology of urinary obstruction.
In: Campbell’s Urology 7th edition. Vol-1. Toronto: WB
Saunders; 1998.p.342–79.
Kumar A, Sharma SK, Vaidyanathan S. Results of surgical
reconstruction in patients with renal failure owing to
ureteropelvic obstruction. J Urol 1988;140:484–6.
Sun Z, Wei E, Wang Y. Diagnosis and treatment of postrenal
acute renal failure. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 1997;35:501–3.
Jiang H, Wu Z, Ding Q. Ureteroscopy and holmium yag laser
as emergency treatment for acute renal failure caused by
impacted ureteral calculi. Urology 2008;72:504–7.
Mohammed A. Elgammal, Mohammed S. Abdel-kader, Adel
kurkar et al. Management of calculus anuria in children:
Experience of 54 cases. J Pediatr Urol 2009;5:462–5.
Westenberg A, Harper M, Zafirakis H, Shah P J. Bladder and
renal stones: management and treatment. Hosp Med
;63:34–41.
